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Table of Contents
ABSTRACT
This report considers the development of a brain driven car, which would be of great help to the physically disabled people. Since these cars will rely only on what the individual is thinking they will hence not require any physical movement on the part of the individual. The car integrates signals from a variety of sensors like video, weather monitor, anti-collision etc. It also has an automatic navigation system in case of emergency. The car works on the asynchronous mechanism of artificial intelligence.
It’s a great advance of technology which will make the disabled, abled. In the 40s and 50s, a number of researchers explored the connection between neurology, information theory, and cybernetics. Some of them built machines that used electronic networks to exhibit rudimentary intelligence, such as W. Grey Walter’s turtles and the Johns Hopkins Beast. Many of these researchers gathered for meetings of the Teleological Society at Princeton and the Ratio Club in England. Most researchers hope that their work will eventually be incorporated into a machine with general intelligence (known as strong AI), combining all the skills above and exceeding human abilities at most or all of them.
A few believe that anthropomorphic features like artificial consciousness or an artificial brain may be required for such a project.
INTRODUCTION
Autonomous cars play an important role in current robotics and A.I. research. The development of driverless cars started in the late ’70s and ’80s. Ernst Dickmann’s Mercedes Benz achieved a travel velocity of 100 km/h on restricted highways without traffic. In the DARPA Grand Challenge 2005, autonomous cars drove off-road on desert terrain, several of them reaching the finish line. DARPA’s Urban Challenge of 2007 demonstrated that intelligent cars are able to handle urban scenarios and situations with simulated traffic.
Lately, autonomous cars have been driving through real world traffic for testing purposes in urban and rural areas alike. This research leads to the introduction of various driver assistance systems for street cars. One key aspect for driver assistance systems is how the interface between human and machine affects usability. This interface question is more important for people without full bodily control.
Brain Computer Interfaces can be a solution here. Recently, BCI-systems have become relatively affordable and allow people to interact directly with their environment. Another big field lies in human interaction within computer games, e.g. in the research game “Brain Basher” or in. As a sub-field of BCI research, BCI using motor imagination brain patterns has become popular, where the user has to think of a motion instead of performing it physically. In other work, users could control mechanical devices with EEG patterns.
In this Seminar report on Brain Controlled Car For Disabled Using Artificial Intelligence, we want to present a solution where a human controls a car just by using brain signals, i.e., without need for any physical interaction with the car. In the first application, computer-aided free driving allows the passenger to claim steering- and speed-control in special areas. The car prevents traffic rule-violations and accidents by reclaiming control before they happen. The second application implements a semi-autonomous path-planning, where a car drives autonomously through a road-network until it arrives at so called decision points. Typically located at crossings, decision points require the passenger to choose which way to drive next.
CONCLUSION
When the above requirements are satisfied and if this car becomes cost effective then we shall witness a revolutionary change in the society where the demarcation between the abler and the disabled vanishes. Thus the integration of bioelectronics with automotive systems is essential to develop efficient and futuristic vehicles, which shall be witnessed soon helping the disabled in every manner in the field of transportation.
Brain-computer interfaces pose a great opportunity to interact with highly intelligent systems such as autonomous vehicles. While relying on the car as a smart assistance system, they allow a passenger to gain control of the very essential aspect of driving without the need to use arms or legs. Even while legal issues remain for public deployment, this could already enable a wide range of disabled people to command a vehicle in closed environments such as a parks, zoos, or inside buildings.
Free drive with the brain and Brain Chooser give a glimpse of what is already possible with brain-computer interfaces for commanding autonomous cars. Modifying the route of a vehicle with a BCI is already an interesting option for applications that help disabled people to become more mobile. It has been proven that free driving with a BCI is possible, but the control is still too inaccurate for letting mind-controlled cars operate within open traffic. The semi-autonomous Brain Chooser overcame this weakness, and decisions were performed with a high precision.
Improvements of the BCI device could have multiple positive effects. One effect, of course, would be a more accurate control of the car, i.e., a more accurate steering and velocity control in free drive mode. Further, it is desirable to be able to distinguish more than four brain patterns in the future. This would enable the driver to give further commands, e.g., switching lights off and on, or setting the on-board navigation system to the desired location by thought alone.
More detailed experiments regarding this decline of concentration over time and within the context of car driving will be future work as well.
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REFERENCES
- A SEMINAR REPORT ON Brain Controlled Car for Disabled By Suchit Bhansali
- Ebook on A Navigation System for Unmanned Vehicles in Automated Highway Systems by Enrique J. Bernabeu, Josep Tornero, & Masayoshi Tomizuka
- Ebook on Brain-Computer Interfaces and Human-Computer Interaction by Desney Tan and Anton Nijholt
- Ebook on Semi-Autonomous Car Control Using Brain Computer Interfaces by Daniel G¨ohring, David Latotzky, Miao Wang & Ra´ul Rojas
- Ebook on Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach by Stuart J. Russell and Peter Norvig
