Different types of guided transmission media
fiber optic cable vs twisted pair cable vs coaxial cable
| Aspect | Twisted-Pair Cable | Coaxial Cable | Fiber-Optic Cable |
| Bandwidth | Lower bandwidth compared to coaxial and fiber-optic cables | Higher bandwidth than twisted-pair cables | Offers much higher bandwidth than twisted-pair and coaxial cables |
| Data Transmission Distance | Limited distance for high-speed transmissions (up to 100 meters for Gigabit Ethernet) | Thinner and more flexible, making it easier to install and handle | Long-distance transmission capabilities, reaching hundreds of kilometers without repeaters |
| Immunity to EMI | More susceptible to electromagnetic interference | More resistant to interference than twisted-pair cables | Immune to electromagnetic interference and crosstalk |
| Size & Flexibility | Smaller in size and more flexible than coaxial and fiber-optic cables | Bulkier and less flexible than twisted-pair cables | Highly secure, difficult to tap into and intercepts signals |
| Security | Offers minimal security as signals can be easily tapped | Provides some level of security due to shielding | Highly secure, difficult to tap into, and intercepts signals |
| Cost | Relatively inexpensive compared to coaxial and fiber-optic cables | Moderately priced | Initially more expensive than twisted-pair and coaxial cables, but costs have reduced over time |
| Uses | Commonly used for Ethernet networks, telephone lines, and some analog connections | Used for cable television (CATV) and broadband internet connections | Used for long-distance data transmission, high-speed networking, and telephony |
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