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Green Nanotechnology In Automobiles
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GREEN ENGINEERING:
Green Engineering is the design, commercialization and use of processes and products that are feasible and economical while:
- Reducing the generation of pollution at the source.
- Minimizing the risk to human health and the environment.
- Green engineering embraces the concept that decisions to protect human health and the environment can have the greatest impact and cost effectiveness when applied early to the design and development phase of a process or product.
The principles of green engineering are as follows:
- Engineer processes and products holistically, use system analysis and integrate environmental impact assessment tools.
- Conserve and improve natural ecosystems while protecting human health and well being.
- Use life cycle thinking in all engineering activities.
Ensure that all material and energy inputs and outputs areas inherently safe and benign as possible.
Minimize depletion of natural resources. - Strive to prevent waste.
Develop and apply engineering solutions, while being cognizant of local geography aspirations and cultures.
Create engineering solutions beyond current and dominant technologies; improve, innovate and invent (technologies) to achieve sustainability. - Actively include communities and stakeholders in development of engineering
solutions.
1.2 NANOTECHNOLOGY
Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. This covers current work and concepts that are more advanced. In its original sense, nanotechnology refers to the projected ability to construct items from the bottom up, using techniques and tools being developed today to make complete, highly advanced products. Nanotechnology is often referred to as a general-purpose technology. That’s because in its mature form it will have significant impact on almost all industries and all areas of society. It offers better built, longer lasting, cleaner, safer, and smarter products for the home, for communications, for medicine, for transportation, for agriculture, and for industry in general. Like electricity or computers before it, nanotech will offer greatly improved efficiency in almost every facet of life.
A key understanding of nanotechnology is that it offers not just better products, but a vastly improved means of production. A computer can make copies of data files essentially as many copies as you want at little or no cost. It may be only a matter of time until the manufacture of products becomes as cheap as the copying not only will allow making many high-quality products at very low cost, but it will allow making new Nano-factories at the same low cost and at the speed. This unique (outside of biology, which is) ability to reproduce its own same rapid means of production is why nanotech is said to be an exponential technology. It represents a manufacturing system that will be able to make more manufacturing systems — factories that can build factories — rapidly, cheaply, and cleanly. The means of production will be able to reproduce exponentially, so in just a few weeks a few Nano-factories conceivably could become billions. It is a revolutionary, transformative, powerful, and potentially very dangerous — or beneficial – technology.
1.3 GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY
Green nanotechnology is the development of clean technologies, “to minimize potential environmental and human health risks associated with the manufacture and use of nanotechnology products, and to encourage replacement of existing products with new nano-products that are more environmentally friendly throughout their lifecycle.”
http://www.epa.gov/EPA-TOX/2008/November/Day-05/