Pipe Bending Machine Project Report PDF

Pipe Bending machine Project Report PDF:

Design and Fabrication of Pipe Bending Machine | Mechanical Engineering Project | Get mechanical projects topic and ideas for study and research. we provide the widest list of Last Year Mechanical Engineering projects to help students, researchers & engineers in their R&D. Also, we have a great variety of pre-made project kits using hydraulics, gears, energy generation systems for you to use in your projects.

ABSTRACT

Mechanical Engineering without production and manufacturing is meaningless. Production and manufacturing process deals with conversion of raw materials inputs to finished products as per required dimension, specification and efficiently using recent technology. The new development and requirements inspired us to think of new improvements in manufacturing field.

In our project Pipe Bending Machine various diameters of pipe is being bend with the help of this machine and various shapes is obtained like v-shape, circular, square, channel etc. It is widely used in various industrial operation such as bending a tube to make coil or sheet metal to make certain shape such as ‘V’ shape.

Download Project report on Design and Fabrication of Pipe Bending Machine.

INTRODUCTION

Bending is a manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials, most commonly sheet metal. Commonly used equipment includes box and pan brakes, brake presses, and other specialized machine presses.

1.1 Overview

A bending is a process of bending a metal. The metal can be a sheet metal, tubes, square hollow, rod, and iron angle. This type of metal has its own thickness. In bending machine designing several considerations is taken into including type of metal, type of the roller bender, power driven or manual and the size of the bending machine. Usually, the difference of these types of bending machine is only on the capacity of the bending machine that can bend a sheet metal or tube. Today, the bending machine that available in the market is for the sheet metal and tube bending machine. Many machine makers vary their products based on the capacity of the bending machine and power driven or manual. Moreover, most of the machine uses roll bending type. This type of machine has 3 rolls which is 1 roll is fixed and the other 2 are adjustable. The sheet metal needs to put in the roller and then rolls around it until the desire shape is acquired. The products that can be produced with this machine are coil, truncated cone, etc.

1.2 Need for Pipe Bending Machine

As we know that pipe bends are used in various household things therefore it is necessary to build a economical pipe bending machine. It is also used in designing of various machine components, without this bending device a machine can’t work properly. As far as industrial application is concerned it is used for piping purpose. The reason to design a bending machine is because there is no proper bending machine to bend a solid or hollow pipe for small scale. The bending machines found in the market come from variety of types. There are bending machine such as press brake bending machine, roll bending machine and a folding machine.

TYPES OF BENDING MACHINE

2.1 Tube Bending

The Forming Roller method of tube bending is recommended for all large bends where the centerline radius is at least 4 times the outside diameter of the tube. It can also be successfully employed for bending pipe or heavy wall tubing to smaller radii and is the most practical method of bending very small diameter tubing.

The Forming Roller and Radius Collar must be grooved to exactly fit the tube and the tube must not be allowed to slip during the bending operation as even a slight amount of slippage will cause distortion.


Fig: 2.2 Tube bending operation.

2.2 Circle Bending:

This operation is somewhat involved by the fact that most materials “spring back” after they have been formed. To compensate for this, it is often necessary to use a Radius Collar having a smaller diameter than that of the circle required. Actual size can best be determined by experiment, as the “spring back” varies in different materials. Material should be precut to exact length before forming.


Fig: 2.3 Circle Bending.

2.3 Channel Bending:

The same general bending rules which cover the forming of channel with “flanges out” also apply when it is formed with “flanges in.” Since it is necessary to compress the flanges as they are bent inward, the operation shown below requires considerably more bending pressure than when forming with the “flanges out” and it is recommended that the largest possible radius be used to allow for compression of the material. if a sharp 90° bend is desired, it can be obtained by cutting a notch out of the channel flanges before forming around a special Zero.


Fig: 2.4 Channel bending

Radius Block as illustrated. It is sometimes possible to make a circle in channel by using a segment of a Radius Collar similar. By following the procedure outlined on, the circle can be formed in three operations. To form channel with the flanges facing upward it is necessary to first fill it with Cerro bend or some other commercial filler as it is not possible to support the flanges in this position with a radius Collar.

2.4 Square Bending:

Forming zero radius bends around square, rectangular, or other multisided blocks employs the same principle used in scroll bending. Forming Nose “leads” material between corners of the block. Any number of zero radius bends can be obtained in one operation by this method in all types of solid materials. Both centered and off-center square eye can also be formed by following the same procedure outlined on.


Fig: 2.5 Square bending.

This method of bending is limited by the size of the square block and the ductility of the material. In general, when squares larger than 1” are needed, they should be formed in progressive operations using the zero radius blocks.

DESIGN AND SPECIFICATION OF Pipe BENDING MACHINE

3.1 Design

It consists of several parts namely:-

  1. FRAME- The frame provides support to the entire machine components.
  • MOTOR- It is fastened to the frame and draws power from a.c source and it also consists of a bending die.
  • DIE- A bending die consists of a vice which is welded to it and which is used to hold a pipe firmly.
  • STAND- It is used to support the rod or pipe at other side.
  • VICE- It is located on the stand which provides strength to the rod.

3.2 Specification

Sr. No Components Specification
1. FRAME 2m x 1m
2. MOTOR power= .5hp and speed= 40 rpm
3. STAND 5m x 5m
4. DIE Radius=8cm and thickness=3cm

Working of Pipe Bending Machine:

Pipe bending as a process starts with loading a tube into a pipe bender and clamping it into place between two dies, the clamping block and the forming die. The tube is also loosely held by two other dies, the wiper die and the pressure die.

A pipe bending machine is a simple bending machine which is operated by a a.c or d.c motor. The motor is attached to the frame of the machine and also consist of a circular die on which a vice to hold the rod is welded.

First of all the rod to be bend is set in the vice of the machine and then power supply is put on, then the motor begins to produce torque and depending upon the dimension of the rod it is bend. The power from the motor is transferred which rotates the circular plate in anticlockwise direction and bend the rod for given radius. Various die can be used as per requirements namely v-die, wiping die, roller die, etc.

CALULATION

Given,

Power of motor, P = .5hp

Speed of motor, N = 40rpm

Radius of circular die = 8cm

Modulus of Elasticity of iron rod = 210GPa

To find,

Torque produced by motor = T

Minimum diameter of rod = d

Therefore

P=.5hp = 372.8W

P= (2ΠNT) /60 W

T=89000 N-m

Applying bending equation,

Using,

M/I=E/R,    where

M=moment or torque produced by motor

I =polar moment of inertia of rod

E =modulus of elasticity of rod

6.1 Applications of Pipe Bending Machine

  1. Angle Bending
  2. Metal Folding
  3. U Hook
  4. Marine Tube
  5. Heat Exchanger
  6. Scroll Bending

6.2 Advantages of Pipe Bending Machine

  1. Easily operated
  2. Simple construction
  3. Low cost
  4. Rigid construction

CONCLUSION

  • In this project , a iron rod is efficiently bend for a given power of motor, whose diameter is 2.8 cm. the various pipe bending machines consisting of various dies used for production in Industries are known in this project This bending tool is very useful in household application as it runs at very low cost and very efficient.
  • In this project various pipe shape that is square, v-shape, channel bend, circular shape are bend the rod at any angle.

Download Project report on Design and Fabrication of Pipe Bending Machine.

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